I found a tutorial for this effect on Sixrevisions for Photoshop. And since it was a beginners level tutorial -- it wouldn't be too hard to "port" it to Gimp.
So the credits go to the guy who wrote the tutorial on Sixrevisions.
I've also posted this tutorial
on my weblog.
Notes:- I'm using the development version of Gimp (2.7) so some things can look a bit different.
- Select > Invert means that you have to go the the Select menu and click Invert.
- Original tutorial: How to Create Inset Typography in Photoshop.
Step 1Make a new image and draw a linear gradient (color codes:
#016edf,
#024f80).
(Click for larger version)Step 2Make a new text layer and put this in the center of the canvas. It's best to use a big or bold font.
Then make three new layers called: 'Text highlight', 'Text inner-shadow' and 'Text background'.
(Click for larger version)Step 3Now select the text layer and do
Text to selection. Then select the
Text background layer and fill the background with a gradient, a darker one than the background.
Don't delete/undo the selection. We need it for the next step.

(Click for larger version)Step 4Select
Text highlight, make the selection one pixel smaller (with
Select > Shrink) and invert the selection with
Ctrl+i or
Select > Invert. Now fill the
Text highlight layer with a white color. After you've done that you invert the selection again, make it one pixel bigger (with
Select > Grow), invert the selection again and press delete or
Edit > Clear.
You can clear the selection with
Select > None or
Ctrl+Shift+A.
You'll get something like you see in the following image. We don't use
Select > Border, because it won't look that good.
(Click for larger version)Step 5Select the text layer again and do
Text to selection. Now select the
Text inner-shadow layer, make the selection two pixels
smaller, invert it and fill it with a black color.
Now invert the selection again, make it 2 pixels bigger, invert it again and press delete or
Edit > Clear. You should have a black border now that's behind the white border.
(Click for larger version)Invert the selection again (yes... again...), open the Gaussian Blur dialog (
Filters > Blur > Gaussian Blur) and apply the settings you see in the following image.
(Click for larger version)You can clear the selection now.
Step 6Select the
Text highlight layer and apply Gaussian Blur on it with the blur radius set to one. Then move the layer below the
Text background layer and move it one pixel the the right and one pixel to the bottom.
(Click for larger version)Select the
Text inner-shadow layer and move it one pixel the the right and one pixel to the bottom.
Now select the text layer again and do
Text to selection, select the the
Text inner-shadow layer again, invert the selection and press delete or
Edit > Clear.
(Click for larger version)Step 7Now we have to fine-tune it to make it look good. You can copy some layer, adjust the opacity settings, add some highlights or patterns (hint: layer masks are useful for this).
(Click for larger version)
(Click for larger version)